Integrated fish–crop farming has emerged as a promising approach for advancing climate-smart and sustainable agriculture in India. By integrating aquaculture with crop production, these systems improve resource use efficiency, nutrient recycling, farm diversification, and livelihood resilience. This article examines integrated fish–crop farming within the Indian agricultural context, highlighting its role in enhancing productivity, ecological sustainability, and climate adaptation. Major Indian models including rice–fish farming, pond-based integrated systems, and emerging aquaponic approaches are discussed, along with regional experiences from Assam, Kerala, and West Bengal. The article also emphasizes the importance of agricultural extension, institutional support, and policy initiatives in promoting adoption and scaling of integrated systems. Although challenges related to technical knowledge, infrastructure, and management remain, integrated fish–crop farming offers significant potential for supporting resilient, diversified, and environmentally sustainable agricultural development in India.